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Washington — The Senate advanced a major foreign aid package that includes a provision that could lead to a ban on TikTok on Tuesday, clearing a key procedural hurdle that brings the package one step closer to final passage after a monthslong back and forth with the House over the assistance. 

After the House approved the $95 billion in foreign aid in the form of four individual bills over the weekend, the legislation came to the Senate as a single package that is expected to pass and then head to the president's desk this week. But how quickly a vote on final passage could occur remains to be seen. 

The package includes $60.8 billion in aid for Ukraine, $26.4 billion to support Israel, along with humanitarian aid for Gaza, and $8.1 billion for allies in the Indo-Pacific. It also includes provisions to allow the sale of frozen assets of Russian oligarchs to help fund future aid to Ukraine, along with a measure that would force the sale of TikTok within a year or ban the app in the U.S.

TikTok, a widely popular video-sharing app owned by a China-based company, has been under fire by U.S. officials for years amid warnings that China's government could gain access to its data and use it to spy on or manipulate Americans. But a renewed push targeting the app gained momentum in Congress in recent months, making its way into the massive foreign aid package. 

The Senate took a key procedural vote on the package Tuesday afternoon, returning from a scheduled recess to do so. With 80 votes in favor and 19 votes opposed, the Senate voted to overcome a filibuster, solidifying support for the package. However, the timing of the vote on final passage remained unclear since a single senator can slow the chamber's progress.

"The Senate convenes in a moment nearly six months in the making," Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer said from the Senate floor Tuesday morning. "The time has come to finish the job, to help our friends abroad once and for all. I ask my colleagues to join together to pass the supplemental today as expeditiously as possible."

A long push for foreign aid 

Approving the foreign aid has been a key priority for the White House and many in Congress since last fall. This week's actions are expected to finally bring the effort to a close, after months of dispute, as Republicans pursued a number of avenues to extract a more favorable GOP outcome from the administration's push.

When the White House sought additional aid for Ukraine in its war against Russia, it was former House Speaker Kevin McCarthy who first insisted on tying those funds to border security measures in the final days of his speakership more than six months ago, stalling its path forward absent an agreement on one of the most intractable issues in Congress.

Months later, after the GOP had coalesced around the idea that Ukraine aid and border security should be linked, a bipartisan group of senators managed to negotiate an aid package that included border security provisions. But at former President Donald Trump's insistence, Republicans largely rejected it. At the time, Democrats accused the GOP of refusing to address the border, given the opportunity, because doing so could eliminate a key campaign issue for the former president. 

Without Republican support for the Senate-negotiated foreign aid and border security legislation, the upper chamber moved forward with the aid absent the immigration components. But after the Senate passed the package in February, Speaker Mike Johnson refused to bring it to the House floor, pledging that the lower chamber would find its own path forward. 

On Saturday, the chamber finally did. In a package of bills that ultimately looked very similar to the Senate-passed foreign aid, the House approved the funds, while a separate border security measure fell short. And although the legislation featured components aimed at making it more palatable to Republicans — like offsetting the Ukraine aid with a partial loan structure and allowing the sale of Russian oligarch's frozen assets — more Democrats ended up supporting the measures. 

The aid had taken on new urgency after an unprecedented airstrike by Iran against Israel earlier this month and amid dire shortages in Ukraine in its continued war against Russia. Johnson, who voted against Ukraine aid as a rank-and-file member, appeared to have a change of heart, speaking boldly about the chamber's responsibility in recent days and calling the aid "critically important" after months of appearing lukewarm on the issue. 

The Ukraine aid raised the ire of far-right conservatives and may add to Johnson's troubles within his conference. But whether his recent maneuvering solidifies a push to remove him from his post dangled by Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene in recent weeks remains to be seen. 

The path forward in the Senate

The passage of a similar foreign aid package in the Senate earlier this year suggests the new package will find ample support. With 70 in favor to 29 opposed, the upper chamber approved the package on a bipartisan basis in February. And an eagerness to leave town for the remainder of the planned recess will likely contribute to the effort to quickly move the package through the chamber this week.

Still, some threats to slow its approval remain. Sen. Rand Paul, a Kentucky Republican, slowed the package's march toward passage at every opportunity in February and may do so again this week. The TikTok provision in the package may also inspire some opposition from a handful of senators. 

Some opposition from the other side of the political spectrum is also expected. Sen. Bernie Sanders, a Vermont independent, said in a statement ahead of the votes that he would offer amendments to "cut billions in offensive military funding to Israel" from the foreign aid package and "protect essential humanitarian operations."

"Enough is enough," Sanders said. "We cannot continue to fund this horrific war."

But the bulk of Democrats and a significant portion of Republicans are expected to ultimately back the package. 

Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell, who's made approving aid to Ukraine a key priority of his remaining time in leadership, encouraged his colleagues to back the package on Tuesday, calling the Senate action a "test of American resolve, our readiness and our willingness to lead."

"Today, the Senate faces a test — and we must not fail it," he said. 

Kaia Hubbard

Kaia Hubbard is a politics reporter for CBS News Digital based in Washington, D.C.

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